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Genome Res. 2005 Oct;15(10):1421-30. Metabolic functions of duplicate genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Kuepfer L, Sauer U, Blank LM.



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ATP production rate Maximum -923.5 -R01786-R04779+2.5*R01061+R01512+R00200+2.5*R00209
+2.5*R00267+2.5*R08549-R00405+1.5*R00402+2.5*R00342
+2.5*R00214
ATP production rate Minium -938.5 -R01786-R04779+2.5*R01061+R01512+R00200+2.5*R00209
+2.5*R08549-R00405+1.5*R00402+2.5*R00342
NADPH production rate Maximum 28 R02736+R01528+R00267+R00214
NADPH production rate Minium 22 R02736+R01528
ATP production rate Maximum N/A -R01786-R04779+2.5*R01061+R01512+R00200+2.5*R00209
+2.5*R00267+2.5*R08549-R00405+1.5*R00402+2.5*R00342
+2.5*R00214
ATP production rate Minium N/A -R01786-R04779+2.5*R01061+R01512+R00200+2.5*R00209
+2.5*R08549-R00405+1.5*R00402+2.5*R00342
NADPH production rate Maximum 32 R02736+R01528+R00267+R00214
NADPH production rate Minium 22 R02736+R01528
ATP production rate Maximum N/A -R01786-R04779+2.5*R01061+R01512+R00200+2.5*R00209
+2.5*R00267+2.5*R08549-R00405+1.5*R00402+2.5*R00342
+2.5*R00214
ATP production rate Minium N/A -R01786-R04779+2.5*R01061+R01512+R00200+2.5*R00209
+2.5*R08549-R00405+1.5*R00402+2.5*R00342
NADPH production rate Maximum 62 R02736+R01528+R00267+R00214
NADPH production rate Minium 30 R02736+R01528
ATP production rate Maximum N/A -R01786-R04779+2.5*R01061+R01512+R00200+2.5*R00209
+2.5*R00267+2.5*R08549-R00405+1.5*R00402+2.5*R00342
+2.5*R00214
ATP production rate Minium N/A -R01786-R04779+2.5*R01061+R01512+R00200+2.5*R00209
+2.5*R08549-R00405+1.5*R00402+2.5*R00342
NADPH production rate Maximum 14 R02736+R01528+R00267+R00214
NADPH production rate Minium 0 R02736+R01528
Growth Condition
Strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741
Genotype (MATa his3 delta1 leu2 delta0 met15 delta0 ura3 delta0)
Culture medium The minimal medium was, per liter (Verduyn et al. 1992), 5 g of (NH4)2SO4, 3 g of KH2PO4, 0.5 g of MgSO4-7H2O, 4.5 mg of ZnSO4-7H2O, 0.3 mg of CoCl2-6H2O, 1.0 mg of MnCl2-4H2O,0.3 mg of CuSO4- 5H2O, 4.5 mg of CaCl2-2H2O, 3.0 mg of FeSO4-7H2O, 0.4 mg of NaMoO4-2H2O, 1.0 mg of H3BO3, 0.1 mg of KI, 15 mg of EDTA, 0.05 mg of biotin, 1.0 mg of Ca-pantothenate, 1.0 mg of nicotinic acid, 25 mg of inositol, 1.0 mg of pyridoxine, 0.2 mg of p-amino-benzoic acid, and 1.0 mg of thiamine. The carbon sources (ethanol, galactose, glucose, and glycerol) were added to a final concentration of 20 g/L. Strainauxotrophies were complemented with 20 mg/L histidine, uracil, methionine, and 60 mg/L leucine. About 50 strains of the yeast collection are lysine auxotroph and were independently tested for growth on plates supplemented with 20 mg/L lysine. The YPD medium consisted, per liter, of 10 g of yeast extract, 20 g ofpeptone, and 20 g of glucose.
Carbon source Glucose
Growth rate
Case-specific description Relative distribution of absolute carbon fluxes through S.cerevisiae central carbon metabolism. Flux distributions were obtained with 13C-constrained flux analysis based on the data of Blank and Sauer (2004).
Growth Condition
Strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741
Genotype (MATa his3 delta1 leu2 delta0 met15 delta0 ura3 delta0)
Culture medium The minimal medium was, per liter (Verduyn et al. 1992), 5 g of (NH4)2SO4, 3 g of KH2PO4, 0.5 g of MgSO4-7H2O, 4.5 mg of ZnSO4-7H2O, 0.3 mg of CoCl2-6H2O, 1.0 mg of MnCl2-4H2O,0.3 mg of CuSO4- 5H2O, 4.5 mg of CaCl2-2H2O, 3.0 mg of FeSO4-7H2O, 0.4 mg of NaMoO4-2H2O, 1.0 mg of H3BO3, 0.1 mg of KI, 15 mg of EDTA, 0.05 mg of biotin, 1.0 mg of Ca-pantothenate, 1.0 mg of nicotinic acid, 25 mg of inositol, 1.0 mg of pyridoxine, 0.2 mg of p-amino-benzoic acid, and 1.0 mg of thiamine. The carbon sources (ethanol, galactose, glucose, and glycerol) were added to a final concentration of 20 g/L. Strainauxotrophies were complemented with 20 mg/L histidine, uracil, methionine, and 60 mg/L leucine. About 50 strains of the yeast collection are lysine auxotroph and were independently tested for growth on plates supplemented with 20 mg/L lysine. The YPD medium consisted, per liter, of 10 g of yeast extract, 20 g ofpeptone, and 20 g of glucose.
Carbon source Galactose
Growth rate
Case-specific description Relative distribution of absolute carbon fluxes through S.cerevisiae central carbon metabolism. Flux distributions were obtained with stoichiometric flux balancing with galactose.
Growth Condition
Strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741
Genotype (MATa his3 delta1 leu2 delta0 met15 delta0 ura3 delta0)
Culture medium The minimal medium was, per liter (Verduyn et al. 1992), 5 g of (NH4)2SO4, 3 g of KH2PO4, 0.5 g of MgSO4-7H2O, 4.5 mg of ZnSO4-7H2O, 0.3 mg of CoCl2-6H2O, 1.0 mg of MnCl2-4H2O,0.3 mg of CuSO4- 5H2O, 4.5 mg of CaCl2-2H2O, 3.0 mg of FeSO4-7H2O, 0.4 mg of NaMoO4-2H2O, 1.0 mg of H3BO3, 0.1 mg of KI, 15 mg of EDTA, 0.05 mg of biotin, 1.0 mg of Ca-pantothenate, 1.0 mg of nicotinic acid, 25 mg of inositol, 1.0 mg of pyridoxine, 0.2 mg of p-amino-benzoic acid, and 1.0 mg of thiamine. The carbon sources (ethanol, galactose, glucose, and glycerol) were added to a final concentration of 20 g/L. Strainauxotrophies were complemented with 20 mg/L histidine, uracil, methionine, and 60 mg/L leucine. About 50 strains of the yeast collection are lysine auxotroph and were independently tested for growth on plates supplemented with 20 mg/L lysine. The YPD medium consisted, per liter, of 10 g of yeast extract, 20 g ofpeptone, and 20 g of glucose.
Carbon source Glycerol
Growth rate
Case-specific description Relative distribution of absolute carbon fluxes through S.cerevisiae central carbon metabolism. Flux distributions were obtained with stoichiometric flux balancing with glycerol.
Growth Condition
Strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741
Genotype (MATa his3 delta1 leu2 delta0 met15 delta0 ura3 delta0)
Culture medium The minimal medium was, per liter (Verduyn et al. 1992), 5 g of (NH4)2SO4, 3 g of KH2PO4, 0.5 g of MgSO4-7H2O, 4.5 mg of ZnSO4-7H2O, 0.3 mg of CoCl2-6H2O, 1.0 mg of MnCl2-4H2O,0.3 mg of CuSO4- 5H2O, 4.5 mg of CaCl2-2H2O, 3.0 mg of FeSO4-7H2O, 0.4 mg of NaMoO4-2H2O, 1.0 mg of H3BO3, 0.1 mg of KI, 15 mg of EDTA, 0.05 mg of biotin, 1.0 mg of Ca-pantothenate, 1.0 mg of nicotinic acid, 25 mg of inositol, 1.0 mg of pyridoxine, 0.2 mg of p-amino-benzoic acid, and 1.0 mg of thiamine. The carbon sources (ethanol, galactose, glucose, and glycerol) were added to a final concentration of 20 g/L. Strainauxotrophies were complemented with 20 mg/L histidine, uracil, methionine, and 60 mg/L leucine. About 50 strains of the yeast collection are lysine auxotroph and were independently tested for growth on plates supplemented with 20 mg/L lysine. The YPD medium consisted, per liter, of 10 g of yeast extract, 20 g ofpeptone, and 20 g of glucose.
Carbon source Ethanol
Growth rate
Case-specific description Relative distribution of absolute carbon fluxes through S.cerevisiae central carbon metabolism. Flux distributions were obtained with stoichiometric flux balancing with ethanol.
Specific Rate (mmol g-1 h-1)
Specific Rate (mmol g-1 h-1)
Specific Rate (mmol g-1 h-1)
Specific Rate (mmol g-1 h-1)
Source